Lombard Letters

Lombard Vowel Letters

The Lombard alphabet has 5 basic vowel letters: a, e, i, o, u. Lombard vowels are pure sounds and are pronounced consistently, making Lombard pronunciation relatively straightforward.

Lombard Accented Vowel Letters

Lombard uses 7 accented vowel letters: à, è, é, ì, ò, ó, ù (and their uppercase forms). These accents indicate stress and help distinguish words with different meanings. The grave accent (`) is most common.

Lombard Double Consonants

Lombard uses double consonants (consonanti doppie) which significantly affect pronunciation and meaning. Examples include bb, cc, dd, ff, gg, ll, mm, nn, pp, rr, ss, tt.

The difference between single and double consonants can change word meanings entirely.

Lombard Digraphs

Lombard uses digraphs (two-letter combinations) that represent single sounds: ch (sounds like "k"), gh (hard "g"), gl (palatalised "l"), gn (like Spanish "ñ"), and sc (can be "sk" or "sh").

These digraphs are essential for proper Lombard pronunciation.

Lombard Consonant Letters

Lombard has 16 native consonant letters. The letters J, K, W, X, Y are used mainly in loan words from other languages.

Lombard consonants are generally pronounced as written, contributing to the language's phonetic nature.

Special Characters in Lombard

Lombard writing uses punctuation marks and symbols including period (.), comma (,), question mark (?), exclamation (!), apostrophe ('), and Lombard quotation marks (« »). The Euro symbol (€) is also commonly used.

Lombard punctuation follows similar rules to other Romance languages.

Digits in Lombard

Lombard uses the standard Arabic numerals 0–9, with Lombard number names: zero, uno, due, tre, quattro, cinque, sei, sette, otto, nove.

Like many European languages, Lombard uses a comma (,) as the decimal separator.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)