Bamanankan Alphabet at a Glance

  • 27 core letters: 7 vowels and 20 consonants form this documented Bamanankan alphabet. [1]
  • Bamanankan, also called Bambara, is a Manding language spoken mainly in Mali. [2]
  • The extended 2014 guide also includes gw, sh and v, practised separately here. [3]
  • Doubled vowels mark length, while a following n can mark nasalisation. [3]
  • The core overview pairs capitals and lowercase forms without counting each case twice.
  • Tone-marked examples retain the acute and grave accents used in the cited guide. [3]
  • Number words follow Dombrowsky-Hahn’s dataset, with an explicit English fallback for zero. [4]

Bamanankan Vowels

Read the 7 vowel letters in uppercase and lowercase. The charts use approximate sound hints rather than verified native letter names.

Keep e and ɛ, and o and ɔ, distinct. Their written forms and doubled spellings follow the cited conventions. [1]

Uppercase Bamanankan vowels:

A
[ah]
E
[ay]
Ɛ
[eh]
I
[ee]
O
[oh]
Ɔ
[aw]
U
[oo]

Lowercase Bamanankan vowels:

a
[ah]
e
[ay]
ɛ
[eh]
i
[ee]
o
[oh]
ɔ
[aw]
u
[oo]

Bamanankan Consonants

Practise the 20 core consonants in both cases. The descriptions include sourced examples wherever verified.

The extended practice panel adds gw, sh and v from Konta and Vydrin. These are not counted among the twenty core consonants. [3]

Uppercase Bamanankan consonants:

B
[b]
C
[ch]
D
[d]
F
[f]
G
[g]
H
[h]
J
[j]
K
[k]
L
[l]
M
[m]
N
[n]
Ɲ
[ny]
Ŋ
[ng]
P
[p]
R
[tapped r]
S
[s]
T
[t]
W
[w]
Y
[y]
Z
[z]

Lowercase Bamanankan consonants:

b
[b]
c
[ch]
d
[d]
f
[f]
g
[g]
h
[h]
j
[j]
k
[k]
l
[l]
m
[m]
n
[n]
ɲ
[ny]
ŋ
[ng]
p
[p]
r
[tapped r]
s
[s]
t
[t]
w
[w]
y
[y]
z
[z]

Bamanankan Expanded Spellings

Practise gw, sh and v from Konta and Vydrin’s expanded inventory. This panel keeps that convention separate from the twenty-seven-letter core overview.

The digraphs gw and sh are copied as complete forms. The guide also lists v, especially in borrowed words. [3]

gw
[gw]
sh
[sh]
v
[v]

Bamanankan Long and Nasal Vowels

Review 14 vowel combinations: 7 long forms, followed by 7 nasal forms. These spellings do not add basic alphabet letters.

Vowel length is shown by doubling. A following n marks nasalisation, so keep the entire written form when copying. [3]

aa
[ah held longer]
ee
[ay held longer]
ɛɛ
[eh held longer]
ii
[ee held longer]
oo
[oh held longer]
ɔɔ
[aw held longer]
uu
[oo held longer]
an
[ah through nose]
en
[ay through nose]
ɛn
[eh through nose]
in
[ee through nose]
on
[oh through nose]
ɔn
[aw through nose]
un
[oo through nose]

Bamanankan Distinctive Letters and Marks

Review 4 distinctive letters already counted in the alphabet, alongside separately illustrated accent marks. A dotted circle makes an isolated combining mark visible.

The orthography uses tone marking in the cited fully marked examples. [3]

ɛ
[eh]
ɔ
[aw]
ɲ
[ny]
ŋ
[ng]
◌́
[high tone]
◌̀
[low tone]

Bamanankan Numbers

Read digits 0–9 with native words for one to nine. The English word zero is an explicit fallback because a native zero form was not verified.

These words follow Dombrowsky-Hahn’s Bamanankan dataset. [4]

0
[zero]
1
[keh-len]
2
[fee-lah]
3
[sah-bah]
4
[naa-nee]
5
[doo-roo]
6
[waw-ro]
7
[woh-lon-woo-lah]
8
[seh-gin]
9
[kaw-nawn-tawn]

Complete Bamanankan Alphabet

Review the complete Bamanankan core alphabet: 27 entries with capital and lowercase forms paired. Each pair counts once.

Follow the core alphabet’s documented order. The expanded spellings gw, sh and v remain in their separate practice panel. [1]

Aa
[ah]
Bb
[b]
Cc
[ch]
Dd
[d]
Ee
[ay]
Ɛɛ
[eh]
Ff
[f]
Gg
[g]
Hh
[h]
Ii
[ee]
Jj
[j]
Kk
[k]
Ll
[l]
Mm
[m]
Nn
[n]
Ɲɲ
[ny]
Ŋŋ
[ng]
Oo
[oh]
Ɔɔ
[aw]
Pp
[p]
Rr
[tapped r]
Ss
[s]
Tt
[t]
Uu
[oo]
Ww
[w]
Yy
[y]
Zz
[z]

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

References:

  • [1] Kassoum Coulibaly. Grenier à mots: Bamanan Dagné Jiginé. University of Fribourg, IIEDH (2008), Appendix 6.1, p. 59. Ordered 27-letter core inventory. Retrieved from Bamanan core alphabet.
  • [2] CNRS, Langues et Grammaires du Monde. Bambara. Geographic distribution and Manding classification within the Mande family. Retrieved from CNRS Bambara profile.
  • [3] Mahamadou Konta and Valentin Vydrin. Propositions pour l’orthographe du bamanankan. Mandenkan 52 (2014), pp. 22–54. Expanded inventory, sound correspondences, examples and spelling conventions. Retrieved from Bamanankan orthography study.
  • [4] Klaudia Dombrowsky-Hahn, University of Bayreuth (2007). Bamanankan / Bambara numerals, in Eugene Chan’s Numeral Systems of the World’s Languages. Retrieved from Researcher-supplied Bambara numbers.
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